在11gR2中使用RMAN复制数据库
RMAN 可以通过复制或者克隆，从一个运行的库中复制一个备份。可以用来在远程站点上复制数据库，下面示例中源库和复制库使用同样的SID：DB11G
在源库中创建备份。
$ rman target=/ RMAN> CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON; RMAN> BACKUP DATABASE PLUS ARCHIVELOG |
为目标库创建password文件
$ orapwd file=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/orapwDB11G password=password entries=10 |
在”$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin” 中增加”tnsnames.ora” 允许目标库访问源库。
# Added to the tnsnames.ora DB11G-SOURCE = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = ol5-112-dup1)(PORT = 1521)) ) (CONNECT_DATA = (ORACLE_SID = DB11G) ) ) |
创建pfile文件
# Minimum Requirement. DB_NAME=DB11G # 修改目录位置. #DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DB11G/','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/NEWSID/' #LOG_FILE_NAME_CONVERT='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/DB11G/','/u02/app/oracle/oradata/NEWSID/' |
创建数据库启动所需的目录
$ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/oradata/DB11G $ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/DB11G $ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/DB11G/adump |
拷贝归档和备份文件到目标库
$ scp -r oracle@ol5-112-dup1:/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/DB11G/archivelog /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/DB11G $ scp -r oracle@ol5-112-dup1:/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/DB11G/backupset /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/DB11G $ scp -r oracle@ol5-112-dup1:/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/DB11G/autobackup /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/DB11G |
# 启动目标库 $ ORACLE_SID=DB11G; export ORACLE_SID $ sqlplus / as sysdba Start the database in NOMOUNT mode. SQL> STARTUP NOMOUNT; # 启动RMAN $ ORACLE_SID=DB11G; export ORACLE_SID # No target or catalog. Metadata comes from backups. $ rman AUXILIARY / # 连接到源库 $ rman TARGET sys/password@DB11G-SOURCE AUXILIARY / # 读取Catalog $ rman CATALOG rman/password@rman-catalog AUXILIARY / # 或者使用下列方式连接 $ rman TARGET sys/password@DB11G-SOURCE CATALOG rman/password@rman-catalog AUXILIARY / |
恢复示例
# 使用相同的备份路径和恢复路径直接恢复 DUPLICATE TARGET DATABASE TO DB11G SPFILE NOFILENAMECHECK; # 恢复4天前的数据库 DUPLICATE TARGET DATABASE TO DB11G UNTIL TIME 'SYSDATE-4' SPFILE NOFILENAMECHECK; # 指定本地备份文件的路径 DUPLICATE DATABASE TO DB11G SPFILE BACKUP LOCATION '/source/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/DB11G' NOFILENAMECHECK; # 使用制定的备份文件恢复到具体日期 DUPLICATE DATABASE TO DB11G SPFILE BACKUP LOCATION '/source/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/DB11G' NOFILENAMECHECK UNTIL TIME "TO_DATE('2014-11-17 07:00:00', 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS')"; # 在复制过程中修改spfile文件 DUPLICATE DATABASE TO MYCLONE SPFILE parameter_value_convert ('DB11G','MYCLONE') set db_file_name_convert='/u01/oradata/db11g/','/u01/oradata/myclone/' set log_file_name_convert='/u01/oradata/db11g/','/u01/oradata/myclone/' set control_files='/u01/oradata/myclone/control01.ctl','/u01/oradata/myclone//control02.ctl','/u01/oradata/myclone/control03.ctl' set db_name='MYCLONE' set log_archive_dest_1='location=/u01/oradata/myclone/arch' BACKUP LOCATION '/source/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/DB11G' NOFILENAMECHECK; |
通常情况下并不需要RMAN备份后也能进行复制，只要打开归档模式即可，下面这是一个示例：
首先靠包password和pfile文件，启动到mount模式，并在远端和目标端创建tnsnames.ora
DB11G-DESTINATION = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = ol5-112-dup2)(PORT = 1521)) ) (CONNECT_DATA = (ORACLE_SID = DB11G) ) ) #在目标端创建listener.ora文件。 SID_LIST_LISTENER = (SID_LIST = (SID_DESC = (GLOBAL_DBNAME = DB11G.WORLD) (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1) (SID_NAME = DB11G) ) ) LISTENER = (DESCRIPTION_LIST = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = ol5-112-dup2.localdomain)(PORT = 1521)) ) (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521)) ) ) ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /u01/app/oracle |
在源段连接到RMAN，并执行复制
$ ORACLE_SID=DB11G; export ORACLE_SID $ rman TARGET sys/password@DB11G-SOURCE AUXILIARY sys/password@DB11G-DESTINATION Include the FROM ACTIVE DATABASE clause in the DUPLICATE command. DUPLICATE DATABASE TO DB11G FROM ACTIVE DATABASE SPFILE NOFILENAMECHECK; |
